Authors or PMIDs would be useful!

Cheers,
Michael C Price
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http://mcp.longevity-report.com
http://www.hedweb.com/manworld.htm

"Doug Skrecky" wrote in message
...
Br J Nutr. 2005 Feb;93(2):281-9.
Additional protein intake limits weight regain after weight loss
in humans.
Since long-term weight maintenance (WM) is a major problem,
interventions to improve WM are needed. The aim of the study was
to investigate whether the addition of protein to the diet might
limit weight regain after a weight loss of 5-10 % in overweight
subjects. In a randomised parallel study design, 113 overweight
subjects (BMI 29.3 (SD 2.5) kg/m2); age 45.1 (SD 10.4) years)
followed a very-low-energy diet for 4 weeks, after which there was
a 6-month period of WM. During WM, subjects were randomised into
either a protein group or a control group. The protein group
received 30 g/d protein in addition to their own usual diet.
During the very-low-energy diet, no differences were observed
between the groups. During WM, the protein group showed a higher
protein intake (18 % v. 15 %; P0.05), a lower weight regain
(0.8 v. 3.0 kg; P0.05), a decreased waist circumference (-1.2
(SD 0.7) v. 0.5 (SD 0.5 ) cm; P0.05) and a smaller increase in
respiratory quotient (0.03 (SD 0.01) v. 0.07 0.01; (SD/)P 0.05)
compared with the control group. Weight regain in the protein
group consisted of only fat-free mass, whereas the control group
gained fat mass as well. Satiety in the fasted state before
breakfast increased significantly more in the protein group than
in the control group. After 6 months follow-up, body weight
showed a significant group x time interaction. A protein intake
of 18 % compared with 15 % resulted in improved WM in overweight
subjects after a weight loss of 7.5 %. This improved WM implied
several factors, i.e. improved body composition, fat distribution,
substrate oxidation and satiety.

Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2004 Jan;28(1):57-64.
High protein intake sustains weight maintenance after body weight
loss in humans.
BACKGROUND: A relatively high percentage of energy intake as
protein has been shown to increase satiety and decrease energy
efficiency during overfeeding. AIM: To investigate whether addition
of protein may improve weight maintenance by preventing or limiting
weight regain after weight loss of 5-10% in moderately obese
subjects. DESIGN OF THE STUDY: In a randomized parallel design,
148 male and female subjects (age 44.2 +/- 10.1 y; body mass index
(BMI) 29.5 +/- 2.5 kg/m2; body fat 37.2 +/- 5.0%) followed a very
low-energy diet (2.1 MJ/day) during 4 weeks. For subsequent 3 months
weight-maintenance assessment, they were stratified according to
age, BMI, body weight, restrained eating, and resting energy
expenditure (REE), and randomized over two groups. Both groups
visited the University with the same frequency, receiving the same
counseling on demand by the dietitian. One group (n=73) received
48.2 g/day additional protein to their diet. Measurements at
baseline, after weight loss, and after 3 months weight maintenance
were body weight, body composition, metabolic measurements, appetite
profile, eating attitude, and relevant blood parameters. RESULTS:
Changes in body mass, waist circumference, REE, respiratory quotient
(RQ), total energy expenditure (TEE), dietary restraint, fasting
blood-glucose, insulin, triacylglycerol, leptin, beta-hydroxybutyrate,
glycerol, and free fatty acids were significant during weight loss
and did not differ between groups. During weight maintenance, the
'additional-protein group' showed in comparison to the
nonadditional-protein group 18 vs 15 en% protein intake, a 50% lower
body weight regain only consisting of fat-free mass, a 50% decreased
energy efficiency, increased satiety while energy intake did not
differ, and a lower increase in triacylglycerol and in leptin; REE,
RQ, TEE, and increases in other blood parameters measured did not
differ. CONCLUSION: A 20% higher protein intake, that is, 18% of
energy vs 15% of energy during weight maintenance after weight loss,
resulted in a 50% lower body weight regain, only consisting of
fat-free mass, and related to increased satiety and decreased energy
efficiency.