Study: The significance of protein in food intake and body weight regulation.

Note: Lyle posted this on MWF...

Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2003 Nov; 6(6): 635-8.

The significance of protein in food intake and body weight regulation.

Westerterp-Plantenga MS.

Department of Human Biology, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The
Netherlands.


PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To highlight the underexposed but important role of
protein in food intake and body weight regulation. RECENT FINDINGS: Protein
plays a key role in food intake regulation through satiety related to
diet-induced
thermogenesis. Protein also plays a key role in body weight regulation
through its effect on thermogenesis and body composition. A high percentage
of
energy from dietary protein limits body weight (re)gain through its satiety
and
energy inefficiency related to the change in body composition. SUMMARY:
Protein
is more satiating than carbohydrate and fat in the short term, over 24 h and
in
the long term. Thermogenesis plays a role in this satiety effect, but the
role of
satiety hormones still needs to be elucidated. On the short-term 'fast'
proteins are
more satiating than 'slow' proteins, and animal protein induces a higher
thermogenesis than vegetable protein. In the longer term the higher
postabsorptive satiety and thermogenesis are sustained irrespective of the
protein source. High-protein diets affect body weight loss positively
only under ad-libitum energy intake conditions, implying also a decreased
energy
intake. Body composition and metabolic profile are improved. Additional
protein
consumption results in a significantly lower body weight regain after weight
loss, due to body composition, satiety, thermogenesis, and energy
inefficiency, while the metabolic profile improves. Implications from these
findings
a for practice, recommendations for increasing the percentage of energy
from
protein while reducing energy intake; for clinical research, assessment of
the
paradox of increasing the percentage energy from a highly satiating
macronutrient; of the potential roles of protein in a negative and positive
energy balance;
assessment of possibilities of replacing dietary protein by effective amino
acids or peptides that may show a similar impact on body weight regulation.

Roger Zoul wrote:

Note: Lyle posted this on MWF...

The significance of protein in food intake and body weight regulation.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To highlight the underexposed but important role of
protein in food intake and body weight regulation. RECENT FINDINGS: Protein
plays a key role in food intake regulation through satiety related to
diet-induced
thermogenesis. Protein also plays a key role in body weight regulation
through its effect on thermogenesis and body composition. A high percentage
of
energy from dietary protein limits body weight (re)gain through its satiety
and
energy inefficiency related to the change in body composition. SUMMARY:
Protein
is more satiating than carbohydrate and fat in the short term, over 24 h and
in
the long term. Thermogenesis plays a role in this satiety effect, but the
role of
satiety hormones still needs to be elucidated. On the short-term 'fast'
proteins are
more satiating than 'slow' proteins, and animal protein induces a higher
thermogenesis than vegetable protein. In the longer term the higher
postabsorptive satiety and thermogenesis are sustained irrespective of the
protein source. High-protein diets affect body weight loss positively
only under ad-libitum energy intake conditions, implying also a decreased
energy
intake. Body composition and metabolic profile are improved. Additional
protein
consumption results in a significantly lower body weight regain after weight
loss, due to body composition, satiety, thermogenesis, and energy
inefficiency, while the metabolic profile improves. Implications from these
findings
a for practice, recommendations for increasing the percentage of energy
from
protein while reducing energy intake; for clinical research, assessment of
the
paradox of increasing the percentage energy from a highly satiating
macronutrient; of the potential roles of protein in a negative and positive
energy balance;
assessment of possibilities of replacing dietary protein by effective amino
acids or peptides that may show a similar impact on body weight regulation.

Darn, I've always got to have a dictionary handy whenever
you post something from LM. Okay, what I'm getting from
this is that it's very important to make sure you get all
the animal proteins you can, without regard to fat, to avoid
regain? For instance, Jenny protein calculator, to avoid
ketobreath, says I need no more than 115 gm/day. Stay below
that and make sure it's animal proteins?

Marsha/Ohio

Marsha wrote:
:: Roger Zoul wrote:
::
::: Note: Lyle posted this on MWF...
::
::: The significance of protein in food intake and body weight
::: regulation. PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To highlight the underexposed but
::: important role of protein in food intake and body weight
::: regulation. RECENT FINDINGS: Protein plays a key role in food
::: intake regulation through satiety related to diet-induced
::: thermogenesis. Protein also plays a key role in body weight
::: regulation through its effect on thermogenesis and body
::: composition. A high percentage of
::: energy from dietary protein limits body weight (re)gain through its
::: satiety and
::: energy inefficiency related to the change in body composition.
::: SUMMARY: Protein
::: is more satiating than carbohydrate and fat in the short term, over
::: 24 h and in
::: the long term. Thermogenesis plays a role in this satiety effect,
::: but the role of
::: satiety hormones still needs to be elucidated. On the short-term
::: 'fast' proteins are
::: more satiating than 'slow' proteins, and animal protein induces a
::: higher thermogenesis than vegetable protein. In the longer term the
::: higher postabsorptive satiety and thermogenesis are sustained
::: irrespective of the protein source. High-protein diets affect body
::: weight loss positively
::: only under ad-libitum energy intake conditions, implying also a
::: decreased energy
::: intake. Body composition and metabolic profile are improved.
::: Additional protein
::: consumption results in a significantly lower body weight regain
::: after weight loss, due to body composition, satiety, thermogenesis,
::: and energy inefficiency, while the metabolic profile improves.
::: Implications from these findings
::: a for practice, recommendations for increasing the percentage of
::: energy from
::: protein while reducing energy intake; for clinical research,
::: assessment of the
::: paradox of increasing the percentage energy from a highly satiating
::: macronutrient; of the potential roles of protein in a negative and
::: positive energy balance;
::: assessment of possibilities of replacing dietary protein by
::: effective amino acids or peptides that may show a similar impact on
::: body weight regulation.
::
:: Darn, I've always got to have a dictionary handy whenever
:: you post something from LM. Okay, what I'm getting from
:: this is that it's very important to make sure you get all
:: the animal proteins you can, without regard to fat, to avoid
:: regain? For instance, Jenny protein calculator, to avoid
:: ketobreath, says I need no more than 115 gm/day. Stay below
:: that and make sure it's animal proteins?
::

Marsha -- I'm not ready to make any recommendations based on that abstract.
I think it wise to at least keep up (as best possible) with what the
research results are.

I will say that protein seems to help me with my appetite, seemingly moreso
than fat.

If you find you get proteinbreath if you go over 115 gm/day of protein, then
I'd certain stay below (or at) that level. And including animal proteins
should not be hard....


:: Marsha/Ohio