Behavioral and body size correlates of energy intake underreporting by obese

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J Am Diet Assoc 1999 Mar;99(3):300-6; quiz 307-8

Published erratum appears in J Am Diet Assoc 1999 Apr;99(4):411

Behavioral and body size correlates of energy intake underreporting by
obese and normal-weight women.

Kretsch MJ, Fong AK, Green MW
US Department of Agriculture, Western Human Nutrition Research Center,
Presidio of San Francisco, CA 94129, USA.

OBJECTIVE: To examine behavioral and body size influences on the
underreporting of energy intake by obese and normal-weight women. DESIGN:
Seven-day estimated food records were kept by subjects before they
participated in a 49-day residential study. Self-reported energy intake was
compared with energy intake required to maintain a stable body weight
during the residential study (reference standard). Energy intake bias and
its relationship to various body size and behavioral measures were
examined. SUBJECTS: Twenty-two, healthy, normal-weight (mean body mass
index [BMI] = 21.3) and obese (mean BMI = 34.2) women aged 22 to 42 years
were studied. STATISTICAL ANALYSES: Analysis of variance, paired t test,
simple linear regression, and Pearson correlation analyses were conducted.
RESULTS: Mean energy intake from self-reported food records was
underreported by normal-weight (-9.7%) and obese (-19.4%) women. BMI
correlated inversely with the energy intake difference for normal-weight
women (r = -.67, P =02), whereas the Beck Depression Inventory correlated
positively with the energy intake difference for obese women (r = .73, P
.01).
CONCLUSION/APPLICATIONS: Results suggest that body size and behavioral
traits play a role in the ability of women to accurately self-report energy
intake. BMI appears to be predictive of underreporting of energy intake by
normal-weight women, whereas emotional factors related to depression appear
to be more determinant of underreporting for obese women. Understanding
causative factors of the underreporting phenomenon will help practicing
dietitians to devise appropriate and realistic diet intervention plans that
clients can follow to achieve meaningful change.


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