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Study Links High-Carbs and Weight Loss



 
 
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  #11  
Old January 29th, 2004, 04:42 AM
kvs
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Default (Contrived) Study Links High-Carbs and Weight Loss

(tcomeau) wrote in message . com...

Effects of an Ad Libitum Low-Fat, High-Carbohydrate Diet on Body
Weight, Body Composition, and Fat Distribution in Older Men and Women
A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nicholas P. Hays, PhD; Raymond D. Starling, PhD; Xiaolan Liu, MD;
Dennis H. Sullivan, MD; Todd A. Trappe, PhD; James D. Fluckey, PhD;
William J. Evans, PhD


Arch Intern Med. 2004;164:210-217.

Methods We examined the effect of a 12-week low-fat, high?complex
carbohydrate diet alone (HI-CHO) and in combination with aerobic
exercise training (HI-CHO + EX) on body weight and composition in 34
individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (20 women and 14 men; mean
± SEM age, 66 ± 1 years). Participants were randomly assigned to a
control diet (41% fat, 14% protein, 45% carbohydrates, and 7 g of
fiber per 1000 kcal),


The control diet is a farce. Includes 45% carbs with a low fiber
level which indicates a large proportion of high GI carbs (bread,
potatoes, etc). The fat to protein ratio is abnormal and the
inverted to what you would get eating meats and cold cuts. It
certainly doesn't reflect the fat content of eggs. This control diet
is contrived and unrealistic and amounts to a high carb diet. If
these researchers were objective they would have used something like
33% fat, 33% protein and 33% carbs.

a HI-CHO diet (18% fat, 19% protein, 63%
carbohydrates, and 26 g of fiber per 1000 kcal),


They have also fudged the high carb diet to be much higher in fiber.
This shows that they know that the problem is high GI carbs and the
insulin feedback mechanism but are constructing the study to push a
high carb diet.


Results There was no significant difference in total food intake
among the 3 groups and no change in energy intake over time. The
HI-CHO + EX and HI-CHO groups lost more body weight (?4.8 ± 0.9 kg [P
= .003] and ?3.2 ± 1.2 kg [P = .02]) and a higher percentage of body
fat (?3.5% ± 0.7% [P = .01] and ?2.2% ± 1.2% [P = .049]) than controls
(?0.1 ± 0.6 kg and 0.2% ± 0.6%).


This establishes that the study was calorie restricted since people
actually lost weight on that abomination of a control diet.


William J. Evans, PhD:

Oh lookee, the main author has written a book about.... dieting. And
it isn't a low-carb diet, big surprise. Published last May.

AstroFit: The Astronaut Program for Anti-Aging
by William J. Evans (Author), Gerald Secor Couzens (Author)
Paperback: 320 pages ; Dimensions (in inches): 0.81 x 8.42 x 5.53
Publisher: Free Press; (May 13, 2003)
ISBN: 0743216822



http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg...glance&s=books

Gee I hope his study that found how good his diet is helps him make
the top ten bestsellers list.


Thanks for outing these shills.
  #12  
Old January 29th, 2004, 03:18 PM
jmk
external usenet poster
 
Posts: n/a
Default (Contrived) Study Links High-Carbs and Weight Loss

On 1/28/2004 10:42 PM, kvs wrote:

a HI-CHO diet (18% fat, 19% protein, 63%
carbohydrates, and 26 g of fiber per 1000 kcal),



They have also fudged the high carb diet to be much higher in fiber.
This shows that they know that the problem is high GI carbs and the
insulin feedback mechanism but are constructing the study to push a
high carb diet.


Actually, I think that what they were trying to do was reflect the
Dietary Guidelines for Healthy Americans which clearly state, "Choose a
variety of grains daily, especially whole grains." I know that we all
hate the food pyramid, dietary guidelines, etc. Heck, even the
nutritionists that this group regularly bashes hate the food pyramid,
but the publications that go along with it do say to eat whole grains
and avoid refined grains.

http://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/...ry/default.htm

--
jmk in NC

  #13  
Old January 30th, 2004, 04:26 PM
tcomeau
external usenet poster
 
Posts: n/a
Default (Contrived) Study Links High-Carbs and Weight Loss

jmk wrote in message ...
On 1/28/2004 10:42 PM, kvs wrote:

a HI-CHO diet (18% fat, 19% protein, 63%
carbohydrates, and 26 g of fiber per 1000 kcal),



They have also fudged the high carb diet to be much higher in fiber.
This shows that they know that the problem is high GI carbs and the
insulin feedback mechanism but are constructing the study to push a
high carb diet.


Actually, I think that what they were trying to do was reflect the
Dietary Guidelines for Healthy Americans which clearly state, "Choose a
variety of grains daily, especially whole grains." I know that we all
hate the food pyramid, dietary guidelines, etc. Heck, even the
nutritionists that this group regularly bashes hate the food pyramid,
but the publications that go along with it do say to eat whole grains
and avoid refined grains.

http://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/...ry/default.htm


Trying to reflect dietary guidelines? I don't think so. The author was
trying to substantiate his own ideas which he happens to have written
a book about last May. He's trying to get on the bestsellers list.

William J. Evans, PhD:

AstroFit: The Astronaut Program for Anti-Aging
by William J. Evans (Author), Gerald Secor Couzens (Author)
Paperback: 320 pages ; Dimensions (in inches): 0.81 x 8.42 x 5.53
Publisher: Free Press; (May 13, 2003)
ISBN: 0743216822

William J. Evans, Ph.D., a pioneer in the field of age reversal for
more than twenty years, has worked as an expert adviser to NASA on
nutrition and exercise since 1988, and is the former head of the
Nutrition, Physical Fitness, and Rapid Rehabilitation Team of the
National Space Biomedical Institution. He lives in Little Rock,
Arkansas, with his wife and three children. --This text refers to the
Hardcover edition.

http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg...glance&s=books

There is no science to be found in this study, it is all a snake-oil
job to sell books.

TC
  #14  
Old January 30th, 2004, 06:53 PM
Diarmid Logan
external usenet poster
 
Posts: n/a
Default Study Links High-Carbs and Weight Loss -BS

Pat Paris wrote in message . ..
On Wed, 28 Jan 2004 19:40:08 GMT, "Cubit" wrote:

I notice OP has no link to a reputable source, and creative stories have
been posted on USENET before.

Tcoeau has posted an alledged study, but also with no link to a reputable
source, like CNN.

Did I miss something? When did CNN become a reputable source for
anything?

This study may not exist. If it does, there are unaccounted for factors.

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/467707

Jan. 26, 2004 ? An ad libitum high-complex carbohydrate (HI-CHO) diet
is effective for weight loss, according to the results of a 12-week,
randomized controlled diet study published in the Jan. 26 issue of the
Archives of Internal Medicine.

"The efficacy of ad libitum low-fat diets in reducing body weight and
fat in overweight and obese adults remains controversial," write
Nicholas P. Hays, PhD, from the University of Arkansas for Medical
Sciences in Little Rock, and colleagues. "[HI-CHO] diets have been
extensively recommended to prevent obesity and promote weight loss in
overweight individuals, based on evidence suggesting that these diets
reduce total energy intake, increase satiation, and are metabolized
with less energetic efficiency compared with high-fat diets."

Twenty women and 14 men with impaired glucose tolerance were
randomized to a control diet consisting of 41% fat, 14% protein, 45%
carbohydrates, and 7 g of fiber per 1,000 kcal; a HI-CHO diet
consisting of 18% fat, 19% protein, 63% carbohydrates, and 26 g of
fiber per 1,000 kcal; or a HI-CHO diet plus endurance exercise four
days per week, 45 minutes per day at 80% peak oxygen consumption. Mean
age was 66 ± 1 years. Subjects were provided with 150% of estimated
energy needs and permitted to consume food ad libitum.

The three groups were similar in total food intake, and energy intake
remained stable during the 12-week study in all groups. Weight loss
was -0.1 ± 0.6 kg in controls, -4.8 ± 0.9 kg (P = .003) in the HI-CHO
diet plus exercise group, and -3.2 ± 1.2 kg (P = .02) in the HI-CHO
diet without exercise group. Reduction in percentage of body fat was
-0.2% ± 0.6%, -3.5% ± 0.7% (P = .01) and -2.2% ± 1.2% (P = .049),
respectively.

Compared with controls, thigh fat area decreased in the HI-CHO diet (P
= .003) and HI-CHO diet plus exercise (P .001) groups. Resting
metabolic rate and fat oxidation did not decrease as a result of high
carbohydrate intake and weight loss. Because the weight loss in the
HI-CHO diet group cannot be explained by any differential in reported
energy intake between this group and the control group, the authors
suggest that there may be either bias in this method of food intake
assessment or the existence of metabolic differences attributable to
dietary macronutrient composition differences among groups.

"A high-carbohydrate diet consumed ad libitum, with no attempt at
energy restriction or change in energy intake, results in losses of
body weight and body fat in older men and women," the authors write.
"Participants never complained of feeling hungry, an important
consideration in the formulation of dietary strategies to promote
weight loss and long-term maintenance of a healthy body weight."

The National Institutes of Health helped support this study. One of
the authors is now with Pfizer Global Research and Development. The
authors report no relevant financial interest in this article.

Arch Intern Med. 2004;164:210-217



http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,109890,00.html

Atkins Attack

By Steven Milloy

Already-confused dieters are no doubt reeling from reports this week
of a new study linking a high-carbohydrate diet with weight loss.

Rather than well-conducted scientific research, though, the new study
appears to be merely a junk science-fueled attack by government
nannies on politically incorrect low-carbohydrate regimens like the
Atkins Diet (search).

"In the midst of the low-carb craze, a new study suggests that by
eating lots of carbohydrates and little fat, it is possible to lose
weight without actually cutting calories - and without
exercising, either," reported The Associated Press this week.

"Revenge of the High-Carb Diet - Ha! It Works, Too" was the
Reuters headline.

But unlike the sensationalistic media, which tend to limit their
reporting of new study claims to regurgitated press releases and sound
bites from study authors, I actually read the study in the Jan. 26
issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine.

It didn't take long to discover why study subjects on the
high-carbohydrate diet lost weight - they ate fewer calories!

The researchers divided the 34 study subjects into three groups: a
control group of 12 individuals who consumed a low-carbohydrate diet
(search); a group of 11 individuals who consumed a high-carbohydrate
diet; and a group of 11 individuals who consumed a high-carbohydrate
diet and did aerobic exercise.

Study subjects were provided with foods constituting 150 percent of
their required daily caloric intake and instructed to eat as much as
they wanted. Carbohydrates constituted 45 percent of the control
groups' calories and about 62 percent for the high-carbohydrate
groups.

After 12 weeks, the study subjects on the control diet weighed the
same as when the study started. But study subjects on the
high-carbohydrate diet lost weight: about five pounds on average for
those in the high-carbohydrate-only group and about 10 pounds for
those in the high-carbohydrate-plus-exercise group.

To the study authors and media, these superficial "results" apparently
prove that you can lose weight while eating as many carbohydrates as
you like - and you don't even have to exercise.

It might be a couch potato's fantasy come true - except that the
study details tell a different story.

As it turns out, study subjects in the high-carbohydrate groups
consumed about 400-600 calories less per day than those in the control
group. Over the 12-week period of the study, then, the average study
subject in the high-carbohydrate group consumed about 42,000 calories
less than the average study subject in the control group.

Since a pound of fat represents about 3,500 calories, it's no wonder
why those in the high-carbohydrate group lost weight. It was because
they ate less, not because of any magical effects of a
high-carbohydrate diet.

Although the media's apparent lack of interest in examining the actual
study data is disappointing, the inaccurate description of the study
to the media by lead author William J. Evans of the University of
Arkansas for Medical Sciences is even more dismaying.

He told Reuters that the study subjects ate "around 2,500 calories per
day," thereby implying that the only difference in their diets was the
amount of carbohydrates. That's just plain misleading.

Control group subjects averaged 2,825 calories per day during the
12-week study; high-carbohydrate group subjects averaged 2250 calories
per day and high-carbohydrate-plus-exercise subjects averaged 2,413
calories.

Such variation over 12 weeks adds up to significant differences in
total caloric intake and is most likely what produced the observed
weight loss in the high-carbohydrate groups.

The study authors then had the audacity to slam low-carbohydrate
diets, such as the Atkins diet, as a means to lose weight.

"Little evidence exists to support this idea," wrote the study
authors.

But it appears that there's not even that much evidence in favor of
their all-the-carbs-you-can-eat idea.

It's no secret that nutrition nannies in the federal government oppose
high-protein/low-carbohydrate diets like the Atkins plan ― not
because such diets don't work but because their fat-is-OK approach
contradicts the nannies' low-fat dietary prescriptions of the last 30
years. (The irony of course is that obesity has supposedly skyrocketed
while America went low-fat.)

Evans and his group, not surprisingly, were funded by the National
Institutes of Health, a government group that claims in bold-face on
its Web site that "[High-protein/low-carb diets are] not a healthy way
to lose weight!"

That may or may not be true. Much more research is needed. Hopefully
that research won't be conducted by biased, government-funded research
hacks.


Steven Milloy is the publisher of JunkScience.com, an adjunct scholar
at the Cato Institute and the author of Junk Science Judo:
Self-Defense Against Health Scares and Scams (Cato Institute, 2001).
 




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